A permanent residence permit already gives you most everyday rights in Finland. So what changes when you become a citizen? Quite a lot – and a few new duties come with it.
Political rights
Foreign residents can already vote in municipal and county elections. Citizenship adds the right to vote and stand as a candidate in parliamentary and presidential elections, and to vote in referendums. You can also vote and stand in European Parliament elections in Finland as an EU citizen.
A permanent right to live in Finland
A citizen cannot be deported or refused entry to Finland. A residence permit, even a permanent one, can in some situations be withdrawn; citizenship is far more secure.
EU citizenship and a strong passport
Finnish citizens are EU citizens. You can live, work and study in any EU country, and in Norway, Iceland, Liechtenstein and Switzerland, without a permit. The Finnish passport also allows visa-free travel to a large number of countries. Abroad, you can get help from Finnish embassies and from the embassies of other EU countries where Finland has none.
Dual citizenship
Finland has allowed dual citizenship since 2003, so Finland does not ask you to give up your current nationality. Your other country may have different rules, so check them before you apply.
Public-sector careers
Some posts – for example in the police, the defence forces, the foreign service and certain senior government positions – are open only to Finnish citizens.
Obligations
- Military or non-military service. Finnish men are liable for conscription. New citizens may be called up depending on their age and situation.
- Loyalty and the law. Citizens have the same duty as everyone to obey the law, pay taxes and, in some cases, serve on official duties.
Is it worth it?
For most long-term residents the answer is yes: the security of not depending on a permit, a full say in national politics and free movement in Europe. From March 2027, the citizenship test is one more step on the way – see how to start preparing.